Fig. 5

Pretreatment with GEN for 14 days decreased DMBA-induced carcinogenesis, while treatment with GEN after tumor induction by DMBA conferred no protection. (A) The number of cumulative death during the experiment due to tumor progression in GEN-pretreated mice. (B) The number of tumor-free mice at the end of experiment in GEN-pretreated mice. Mice were treated with vehicle (VH) or GEN at 2, 6 and 20 mg/kg for 14 days, and then with DMBA as described. (C) The number of cumulative death during the experiment due to tumor progression in mice treated with GEN after tumor induction. (D) The number of tumor-free mice at the end of experiment in mice treated with GEN after tumor induction. One month after the first dose of DMBA, daily administration of GEN by gavage was started, and the GEN treatments were continued until the end of the experiment (25 weeks after the first DMBA dose). The daily GEN treatments were continued until the end of the experiment. n = 16; *P ≤ 0.05.