Plasma and dietary carotenoid, retinol and tocopherol levels and the risk of gastric adenocarcinomas in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

M Jenab; E Riboli; P Ferrari; M Friesen; J Sabate; T Norat; N Slimani; A Tjønneland; A Olsen; K Overvad; M-C Boutron-Ruault; F Clavel-Chapelon; H Boeing; M Schulz; J Linseisen; G Nagel; A Trichopoulou; A Naska; E Oikonomou; F Berrino; S Panico; D Palli; C Sacerdote; R Tumino; P H Peeters; M E Numans; H B Bueno-de-Mesquita; F L Büchner; E Lund; G Pera; M D Chirlaque; M-J Sánchez; L Arriola; A Barricarte; J R Quirós; I Johansson; A Johansson; G Berglund; S Bingham; K-T Khaw; N Allen; T Key; F Carneiro; V Save; G Del Giudice; M Plebani; R Kaaks; C A Gonzalez

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603266

Table 1

Baseline characteristics and description of the study population of cases and controls in GCs

	Gastric cancer
	Cases (n=244)	Controls (n=645)
Age at recruitment^a	59.1 (43.3–71.2)	59.1 (42.8–72.1)
Age at diagnosis^a	62.4 (44.6–74.1)	—
Mean number of years between blood donation and diagnosis^a	3.2 (0.4–7.2)	—

No. and (%) of Hp-positive subjects	203 (83.2)	432 (67.0)
No. and (%) of Hp-negative subjects	41 (16.8)	213 (33.0)
Body mass index^a	26.2 (20.5–32.6)	26.7 (20.9–34.2)

No. and (%) of male subjects	137 (56.1)	349 (54.1)
No. and (%) of female subjects	107 (43.9)	296 (45.9)

Smoking status/duration/intensity
No. and (%) of never smokers	81 (33.2)	289 (44.8)
No. and (%) of ex-smokers, duration of smoking <10 years	10 (4.1)	28 (4.3)
No. and (%) of ex-smokers, duration of smoking ≥10 years	71 (29.1)	176 (27.3)
No. and (%) of ex-smokers, missing duration of smoking	5 (2.0)	10 (1.6)
No. and (%) of smokers, <15 cigarettes day⁻¹	28 (11.5)	58 (9.0)
No. and (%) of smokers, ≥15 to <25 cigarettes day⁻¹	29 (11.9)	43 (6.7)
No. and (%) of smokers, ≥25 cigarettes day⁻¹	11 (4.5)	13 (2.0)
No. and (%) with missing smoking status	9 (3.7)	28 (4.3)

Grouping by anatomical subsite
Cardial, no. and (%) of subjects	70 (28.7)	176 (27.3)
Noncardial, no. and (%) of subjects	127 (52.0)	344 (53.4)
Unknown or mixed subsite, no. and (%) of subjects	47 (19.3)	125 (19.4)

Grouping by histological subtype
Diffuse, no. and (%) of subjects	93 (38.1)	244 (37.8)
Intestinal, no. and (%) of subjects	96 (39.4)	256 (39.7)
Unknown or mixed subtype, no. and (%) of subjects	55 (22.5)	145 (22.5)

GC, gastric cancer.

^aValues are means (5th–95th percentile range). Distribution of cases/controls by EPIC country: Denmark=23/39; France=3/10; Germany=30/87; Greece=12/26; Italy=44/147; Netherlands=19/60; Spain=28/85; Sweden=57/112 and United Kingdom=28/79.