Figure 7

Effect of anti-TNF-α antibody or IFN-γ injections of infected adult mice on body weight change throughout time after inoculation. Adult mice were infected with F-musX-VeroE6 by intranasal inoculation and injected intravenously with anti-TNF-α antibody or intraperitoneally with IFN-γ 3 hours after inoculation. Mean percentages of body weight change of the animals were determined for 10 days after inoculation. Crosses indicate dead mice. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences in weight loss (P < 0.05) compared to control animals. The results shown in each panel are representative of at least two independent experiments for each panel (n = 5 to 8 per group). A: Effect of anti-TNF-α antibody (n = 8 per group). The control group was injected intravenously with rat IgG. B: Effect of IFN-γ (n = 8 per group). The control group was injected with PBS intraperitoneally. C: Virus titers in the nasal (pale green bar) and lung (yellow bar) wash fluids and homogenates of the maxilla (including nasal cavity, green bar) and lung (orange bar) on days 3 after inoculation of PBS- and IFN-γ-treated adult mice (n = 3 per group). The detection limit was 10^1.5 TCID₅₀/g of tissue. D and E: Lung histopathology in IFN-γ- and PBS-treated adult mice, respectively. BV, blood vessel; Br, bronchi. Mononuclear cell infiltration was seen in the alveolar area and around blood vessels in the lungs of the IFN-γ-injected mice (D, inset). In contrast, the lungs of PBS-injected mice exhibited polynuclear leukocyte infiltration around edematous blood vessels (E, inset).