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Published online 2011 Aug 30. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1002805
Table 2
Linear regression models estimating the change in BP parameters associated with an IQR increase in metal levels.a,b
| Change in BP (mmHg, 95% CI) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toenail metal | Median (μg/g) | Range (μg/g) | IQR (μg/g) | n | SBP | DBP | Pulse pressure | |||||||
| Arsenic | 0.08 | 1.68 | 0.06 | 639 | 0.93 (0.25, 1.62)** | 0.17 (–0.20, 0.55) | 0.76 (0.22, 1.30)** | |||||||
| Arsenicc | 466 | 1.43 (0.34, 2.51)* | 0.63 (0.05, 1.21)* | 0.80 (–0.07, 1.66) | ||||||||||
| Cadmium | 0.02 | 1.97 | 0.02 | 592 | 0.22 (–0.10, 0.54) | 0.12 (–0.05, 0.28) | 0.11 (–0.15, 0.36) | |||||||
| Cadmiumc | 495 | 0.21 (–0.13, 0.56) | 0.08 (–0.10, 0.27) | 0.13 (–0.15, 0.41) | ||||||||||
| Mercury | 0.22 | 2.40 | 0.31 | 495 | –0.56 (–2.27, 1.16) | –0.21 (–1.16, 0.75) | –0.35 (–1.70, 1.00) | |||||||
| Mercuryc | 428 | –0.76 (–2.68, 1.16) | –0.27 (–1.32, 0.78) | –0.49 (–2.00, 1.02) | ||||||||||
| Manganese | 0.28 | 8.82 | 0.40 | 639 | –0.45 (–1.18, 0.28) | –0.12 (–0.51, 0.28) | –0.33 (–0.91, 0.25) | |||||||
| Manganesec | 465 | –1.09 (–2.08, –0.10)* | –0.62 (–1.15, –0.09)* | –0.47 (–1.26, 0.32) | ||||||||||
| Lead | 0.31 | 14.70 | 0.52 | 639 | –0.07 (–0.67, 0.53) | 0.24 (–0.08, 0.57) | –0.31 (–0.78, 0.16) | |||||||
| Leadc | 464 | –0.22 (–0.93, 0.50) | 0.27 (–0.11, 0.65) | –0.49 (–1.06, 0.08) | ||||||||||
| aFor each metal, the same IQR value is examined in relation to BP for both metal-adjusted and non-metal-adjusted models. bAll regression models are adjusted for age, cigarette smoking, pack-years of smoking, season of clinical visit, year of clinical visit, BMI, years of education, race/ethnicity, and alcohol intake. Mercury-BP models are adjusted for fish intake. cIn addition to the covariates in footnote b, this regression model is also adjusted for the four other toenail metals. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. | ||||||||||||||