PMC full text:
Published online 2014 May 20. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097562
Table 3
Association between demographic/clinical characteristics and rotavirus infection among cases and controls in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.
| Rotavirus infection | |||||||||
| Cases | Controls | ||||||||
| N | N | Univariate | MultivariateA | Univariate | MultivariateA | ||||
| Demographic/clinical characteristic | Cases | Controls | n (%) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | n (%) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Sex | Male | 422 | 296 | 140 (33.1) | 1.09 (0.78–1.51) | 1.06 (0.75–1.49) | 26 (8.8) | 1.40 (0.74–2.68) | 1.58 (0.81–3.07) |
| Female | 268 | 249 | 84 (31.3) | 1 | 1 | 16 (6.4) | 1 | ||
| Parent/guardian level of education | |||||||||
| Primary education | 531 | 412 | 180 (34.0) | 0.72 (0.47–1.10) | 0.71 (0.46–1.11) | 30 (7.2) | 1.32 (0.66–2.67) | 1.29 (0.62–2.66) | |
| Secondary education | 137 | 128 | 37 (27.0) | 0.91 (0.36–2.27) | 1.05 (0.40–2.72) | 12 (9.4) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | |
| Higher education | 22 | 5 | 7 (3.18) | 1 | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 1 | 1 | |
| Place of residence (district) | |||||||||
| Temeke | 150 | 91 | 65 (43.3) | 0.61 (0.41–0.91) | 0.49 (0.32–0.74)** | 7 (7.7) | 1.15 (0.48–2.75) | 1.05 (0.43–2.56) | |
| Ilala | 338 | 296 | 108 (32.0) | 0.44 (0.28–0.70) | 0.44 (0.28–0.71)** | 26 (8.8) | 0.72 (0.23–2.00) | 0.82 (0.29–2.34) | |
| Kinondoni | 201 | 158 | 51 (25.4) | 1 | 1 | 9 (5.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| Type of diarrhea | |||||||||
| Acute diarrhea | 613 | na | 212 (34.7) | 2.87 (1.52–5.43) | 2.81 (1.45–5.46) | na | na | na | |
| Persistent diarrhea | 76 | na | 12 (15.8) | 1 | 1 | na | na | na | |
| Hydration status on admission | |||||||||
| Severe dehydration | 157 | na | 46 (28.9) | 1.42 (0.95–2.13) | 1.23 (0.84–1.97) | na | na | na | |
| Some dehydration | 362 | na | 132 (36.8) | 0.91 (0.56–1.48) | 0.92 (0.55–1.54) | na | na | na | |
| No dehydration | 170 | na | 46 (27.1) | 1 | 1 | na | na | na | |
| Nutrition status of the child | |||||||||
| i)Underweight (WAZ) | |||||||||
| Normal | 300 | 326 | 107 (35.8) | 1 | 1 | 30 (9.1) | 1 | 1 | |
| Malnourished | 390 | 219 | 117 (30.0) | 1.30(0.95–1.80) | 1.01 (0.68–1.51)* | 12 (5.5) | 1.74 (0.87–3.47) | 1.58 (0.65–3.87) | |
| ii)Stunting (LAZ) | |||||||||
| Normal | 223 | 242 | 89 (40.1) | 1 | 1 | 21 (8.6) | 1 | 1 | |
| Malnourished | 190 | 303 | 135 (28.9) | 0.61(0.43–0.85) | 0.61 (0.40–0.94) | 21 (6.9) | 1.40 (0.75–2.63) | 1.07 (0.52–2.21) | |
| iii)Wasting(WLZ) | |||||||||
| Normal | 490 | 434 | 158 (32.2) | 1 | 1 | 34 (7.8) | 1 | 1 | |
| Malnourished | 200 | 111 | 66 (33.0) | 0.96(0.68–1.36) | 0.86 (0.55–1.35) | 8 (7.2) | 1.10 (0.50–2.45) | 0.71 (0.27–1.88) | |
Note: na = not applicable for controls; N = total number of samples tested; n = number of positive rotavirus samples; A = multivariate logistic regression analysis included all variables in the table and age group in months;
* = P<0.05;
** = P<0.01.