Table 4
Comparison of the ability of probiotic to restore or improve dysbiosis with ranked clinical efficacy for various disease indications
| Probiotic* | Restored normal microbiota* | Altered normal microbiota* | Ranked net evidence for efficacy† | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAD | CDI | IBD | IBS | TD | H pylori | Vaginitis/BV | Acute paediatric diarrhoea | |||
| Restores microbiota | ||||||||||
| Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI | Yes | ND | − | − | ||||||
| Lactobacllius. acidophilus+Bifido bifidum | Yes | ND | 0 | − | ||||||
| L. acidophilus 1748+Lactobacllius paracasei F19+Bifido lactis Bb12 | Yes | ND | − | |||||||
| Bifido longum | Yes | No | − | + | ||||||
| L. acidophilus+L. acidophilus+B. bifidum+B. animalis | Yes | ND | ||||||||
| L. acidophilus+L. paracasei+B. lactis (2) | Yes | No | ||||||||
| Saccharomyces boulardii lyo | Partial | Yes | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 | + | − | ++ | |
| L. rhamnosus GG | Partial | ND | − | − | − | 0 | 0 | − | 0 | ++ |
| L. acidophilus | Partial | No | ++ | ++ | − | − | + | 0 | ||
| L. acidophilus+L. bifidus+L. rhamnosus | Partial | ND | ||||||||
| Alters microbiota | ||||||||||
| Escherichia coli Nissle | ND | Yes | − | + | ||||||
| L. casei (DN114001 or Lcr35) | ND | Yes | + | 0 | + | ++ | ||||
| L. rhamnosus GR1+Lactobacllius fermentum RC14 | ND | Yes | ++ | |||||||
| L. plantarum 8PA3+B. bifidum | ND | Yes | ||||||||
| Lactobacllius rhamnosus GG+L. rhamnosus Lc705+P. freudenreichii shermanii JS+Bifido breve Bb99 | ND | Yes | ++ | |||||||
| L. acidophilus+L. plantarum+L. rhamnosus+B bifidum | ND | Yes | ||||||||
| Lactobacllius brevis CD2+Lactobacllius. salivarus FV2+L. plantarum FV9 | ND | Yes | + | |||||||
| L. acidophilus+L. paracasei+Lactobacllius delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus+L. plantarum, Bifido longum, Bifido infantis, Bifido breve | ND | Yes | − | ++ | + | ++ | ||||
| No effect on microbiota | ||||||||||
| Bacillus clausii | ND | ND | − | − | ||||||
| L. plantarum 299v | ND | No | − | − | − | |||||
| B. lactis | ND | No | + | 0 | ||||||
| B. breve | No | No | ||||||||
| L. acidophilus+B. longum | No | ND | ||||||||
| L. rhamnosus 19070-2+L. reuteri DSM | ND | No | 0 | |||||||
| L. casei+B. breve | ND | No | ||||||||
| L. paracasei+L. acidophilus+B animalis | ND | No | ||||||||
| Pharmacokinetic only | ||||||||||
| L. reuteri 55730 | ND | ND | + | |||||||
| L. johnsonii La1 | ND | ND | − | + | ||||||
| L. salivarius UCC4331 | ND | ND | − | |||||||
| B. infantis 35624 | ND | ND | 0 | |||||||
| B. bifidum MIMBb75 | ND | ND | + | |||||||
| L. rhamnosus+B. longum | ND | ND | ||||||||
*Including strain (when reported).
†Rank (bold values):++, ≥2 net randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with significant protective efficacy;+, only one net protective RCT; 0, equal number of significant and non-significant RCTs;−, ≥1 net non-significant RCT. Blank indicates no RCT performed for the disease indication.
AAD, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea; Acute Ped Diar, treatment of acute paediatric diarrhoea; BV, bacterial vaginosis; CDI, Clostridium difficile infections; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome;ND, not determined; TD, traveler's diarrhoea.