Table 1
Clinical characteristics of the mothers and newborns in nested case–control group a
| Case (n = 137) | Control (n = 190) | p b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Newborn birth weight (kg) | 3.29 ± 0.38 | 3.23 ± 0.30 | 0.080 |
| Maternal age (year)c | 27.85 ± 3.87 | 26.34 ± 2.64 | <0.001** |
| Maternal pre-pregnant BMI (kg/m2)d | 21.89 ± 2.92 | 20.59 ± 2.27 | <0.001** |
| Gestational age (week) | 39.18 ± 0.80 | 39.55 ± 0.92 | <0.001** |
| Newborn sex | |||
| Male | 72 (52.55%) | 93 (48.95%) | 0.520 |
| Female | 65 (47.45%) | 97 (51.05%) | |
| Maternal gravidity | |||
| 1 | 82 (59.85%) | 134 (70.53%) | 0.034* |
| 2 | 29 (21.17%) | 38 (20.00%) | |
| ≥3 | 26 (18.98%) | 18 (9.47%) | |
| Maternal parity | |||
| 1 | 114 (83.21%) | 174 (91.58%) | 0.049* |
| 2 | 22 (16.06%) | 16 (8.42%) | |
| ≥3 | 1 (0.73%) | 0 (0.00%) | |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Eutocia | 92 (67.15%) | 176 (92.63%) | <0.001** |
| C-section | 39 (28.47%) | 13 (6.84%) | |
| Aid delivery | 6 (4.38%) | 1 (0.53%) | |
| Maternal HBsAg | |||
| Positive | 24 (17.65%) | 0 (0.00%) | <0.001** |
| Negative | 112 (82.35%) | 190 (100.00%) | |
aValues of newborn birth weight, maternal age, pre-pregnant BMI and gestational age are expressed as mean ± SD.
bp values of maternal age, pre-pregnant BMI and gestational age were obtained by non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test, p values of newborn birth weight was obtained by independent sample t-test, while p values of maternal gravidity and parity, mode of delivery were obtained by Pearson Chi-square test, p values of HBsAg was obtained by Fisher’s exact test. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01.
cValues from 101 subjects in case group were available.
dValues from 103 subjects in case group were available.