Glycocalyx Restricts Adenoviral Vector Access to Apical Receptors Expressed on Respiratory Epithelium In Vitro and In Vivo: Role for Tethered Mucins as Barriers to Lumenal Infection

Jaclyn R. Stonebraker; Danielle Wagner; Robert W. Lefensty; Kimberlie Burns; Sandra J. Gendler; Jeffrey M. Bergelson; Richard C. Boucher; Wanda K. O'Neal; Raymond J. Pickles

doi:10.1128/JVI.78.24.13755-13768.2004

FIG. 9.

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is zjv0240455510009.jpg

Expression of GPI-hCAR and Muc1 glycoprotein at the apical surfaces of murine tracheal epithelia derived from GPI-hCAR transgenic mice. (A) Immunolocalization of GPI-hCAR (green) to the apical surfaces of murine tracheas derived from K18-GPI-hCAR transgenics (i) but not littermate controls (ii). The colocalization of GPI-hCAR (iii, green) and Muc1 (iv, red) in GPI-hCAR/Muc1^+/+ transgenic animals and the presence of GPI-hCAR (v, green) but not Muc1 (vi, red) at the apical surfaces of murine tracheal epithelia from GPI-hCAR/Muc1^−/− animals are shown. Bar = 20 μm. (B) Electron micrographs of GPI-hCAR-expressing murine tracheal epithelium probed with anti-hCAR and detected with anti-mouse IgG conjugated to immunogold particles (12-nm diameter). Immunogold was detected on the cilial shafts of ciliated cells (arrows) and the apical surfaces of Clara cells (arrowheads). Similar procedures performed with a littermate control tracheal epithelium revealed no immunogold localization. Bar = 500 nm.