Self-Paced Free-Running Wheel Mimics High-Intensity Interval Training Impact on Rats’ Functional, Physiological, Biochemical, and Morphological Features

Jorge Beleza; João Albuquerque; Estela Santos-Alves; Pedro Fonseca; Garoa Santocildes; Jelena Stevanovic; Sílvia Rocha-Rodrigues; David Rizo-Roca; António Ascensão; Joan Ramon Torrella; José Magalhães

doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00593

FIGURE 8

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Effects of physical exercise on heart mitochondrial oxygen consumption measured with substrates for complex I and II. (A,C) state 3 respiration; (B,D) state 4 respiration; (E,G) RCR, respiratory control ratio (state 3/state 4); (F,H) ADP/O, number of nmol ADP phosphorylated by natom of oxygen consumed. SED, sedentary; FRW, free-running wheel; HIIT, high-intensity interval training. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) are indicated as follows: ^∗ vs. SED, ^# vs. FRW.