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Description of Dichelacera (Dichelacera) lamasi n. sp. (Diptera: Tabanidae), a new species from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
1 and Associated Data
Abstract
Background
The genus Dichelacera is widely distributed in the Neotropical region. The nominal subgenus is the most diverse with 67 species and one subspecies.
New information
We described Dichelacera lamasi n. sp., the 68th species of nominal subgenus, based on a female from Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. Diagnosis, discussion and illustrations are also provided.
Introduction
The genus Dichelacera proposed by Macquart is a Neotropical genus, occurring from Mexico to Argentina (Fairchild and Philip 1960). Fairchild (1969) has established five subgenera for Dichelacera. Henriques and Rafael (1995) transferred the subgenus Nothocanthocera Fairchild from Dichelacera to Acanthocera Macquart and, currently, Dichelacera has four valid subgenera: Dichelacera, Desmatochelacera Fairchild, Idiochelacera Fairchild and Orthostyloceras Lutz. Dichelacera is the sixth genus in the number of species in the Neotropical region with 73 species and one subspecies (Coscarón and Papavero 2009, Henriques et al. 2012, Lima et al. 2018). Dichelacera (Dichelacera) is the taxonomic group of Tabanidae with the largest increase in the number of species in the last 25 years, with 18 new species described. Here, we describe the 68th species of the subgenus Dichelacera.
Materials and methods
The holotype is deposited at Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP). Terminology follows Cumming and Wood (2017). Specimens were examined and digitally photographed through a stereomicroscope coupled with an auto-montage system. The indices measured on the frons follow Fairchild (1985). Frontal index = frons height/frons width at base; Divergence index = frons width at vertex/frons width at base. The specimen was first preserved in alcohol and posteriorly pinned, therefore, some pillosity of the thorax and abdomen was partially lost. The holotype of Dichelacera striata Henriques was examined and compared through photographs provided by the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil.
Taxon treatments
Dichelacera (Dichelacera) lamasi
Penaforte and Henriques, 2019 sp. n.
69EA4007-887D-505D-BB5B-65A08D762563
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8410BAD6-8053-4AFD-B7DC-4618A380979B
Materials
- Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Lamas, Nhihei et al.; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Dichelacera (Dichelacera) lamasi Penaforte and Henriques, 2019; order: Diptera; family: Tabanidae; genus: Dichelacera; subgenus: Dichelacera; specificEpithet: lamasi; taxonRank: species; Location: country: Brazil; stateProvince: Mato Grosso do Sul; municipality: Rio Verde; locality: Malaise trap 39; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Verde, Malaise trap 39, 14-30.x.2012, Lamas, Nihei & eq. col."; verbatimCoordinates: 18°55’04”S, 54°50’38”W; decimalLatitude: -18.917778; decimalLongitude: -54.843889; georeferenceProtocol: Google Earth; Identification: identifiedBy: Penaforte and Henriques; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
Description
Female
Length 8.7 mm. Wing 8.1 mm.
Head (Fig. (Fig.111c).c). Frons wide, grey, with black hairs, wider at the base than at the vertex. Frontal index 2.2, divergence index 0.6. Frontal callus dark brown triangular, bare and shiny narrower than frons. Subcallus, clypeus and gena with yellowish-grey pruinescence, tentorial pits bare and shiny. Gena with sparse hairs, dark in the anterior half and light in the posterior half. Antennae (Fig. (Fig.111d)d) with long spine, not reaching the end of postpedicel. Scape, pedicel and postpedicel dark yellow and darker towards the apex, with dark hairs and greyish purinescence. Palpus long and slender, light brownish-yellow with black hairs. Prementum dark brown and labellum brown to black, sclerotised, both with black hairs.
Dichelacera (dichelacera) lamasi sp. n., holotype ♀.
Thorax (Fig. (Fig.111a).a). Anterior half of scutum brown with greyish-brown pruinescence, sparse dark and light hairs. Interalar band wide dark brown with hair loss because the specimen was preserved in alcohol and then pinned. Lighter prescutellar band with grey pruinescence and yellow hairs, scutellum dark brown with dark hairs. Pleura with brown integument, grey pruinescence with brown hairs. Halteres light yellowish-brown. Fore and midleg light brown, hind leg brown. All legs with dark hairs, except for fore and midcoxa with light hairs. Tarsomeres dark brown with black hairs. Wing (Fig. (Fig.111e)e) with narrow dark brown fascia, inner margin sinuous. Cell cua with darkening in the anterior half.
Abdomen (Fig. (Fig.111a).a). First tergite brown, tergites 2-7 brown with whitish narrow lateral and posterior bands slightly enlarged in the middle on tergites 2-5. Light bands of tergites with light hairs and dark areas with dark hairs. Sternites brown with whitish posterior bands. Sternites 2-5 with light and dark hairs. Sternites 6-7 with dark hairs.
Male. Unknown
Diagnosis
Small species, mostly brown. Dorsal spine of the antenna elongated, but not reaching the apex of the first flagellomere. Tentorial pits bare and shiny. Frons convergent at the vertex. Frontal callus narrower than the frons. A large dark interalar band on scutum, but little contrasting. Dark abdomen with narrow clear posterior bands.
Type material.
Holotype female. First preserved in alcohol later pinned. BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Verde, Malaise trap 39, 14-30.x.2012, Lamas, Nhihei & eq. col. (Deposited in the collection of the MZUSP).
Etymology
The specific name is in honour of the Brazilian dipterologist Dr. Carlos Lamas, researcher at Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, who collected the material.
Discussion
The new species (Fig. (Fig.1)1) is similar to D. striata Henriques (Fig. (Fig.2),2), but they can be distinguished by the following: Dichelacera lamasi is a specis with narrower frons (Fig. (Fig.111c)c) (frontal index 2.2), the second segment of the palpus is smaller than the antennal flagellum (Fig. (Fig.111b),b), frontal callus smaller, filling about one third of the frons (Fig. (Fig.111c).c). Dichelacera striata has broad frons (Fig. (Fig.222c)c) (frontal index 1.6), the length of palpus is equal to antennal flagellum (Fig. (Fig.222a),a), broad frontal callus filling half of the frons (Fig. (Fig.222cc).
Dichelacera (Dichelacera) striata Henriques 1995, holotype ♀ (Images: Tiago Krolow, 2018).
Supplementary Material
Acknowledgements
The financial assistance provided by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Program of Scienfic Iniciation (INPA) are gratefully acknowledged. To CNPq (563256/2010-9) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2010/52314-0) for financial resources destined to project SISBIOTA-Diptera.
Funding Statement
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/CNPq, process 563256/2010-9 and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo/FAPESP, process 2010/52314-0
References
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