The Effect of Acute Intense Exercise on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Smokers and Non-Smokers

Hadi Nobari; Hamzeh Abdi Nejad; Mehdi Kargarfard; Soghra Mohseni; Katsuhiko Suzuki; José Carmelo Adsuar; Jorge Pérez-Gómez

doi:10.3390/biom11020171

PMC full text:

Biomolecules. 2021 Feb; 11(2): 171.

Published online 2021 Jan 27. doi: 10.3390/biom11020171

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Table 3

Changes in POX, CAT, and SOD enzyme activities among groups at three time points.

Enzymes		Groups	Mean Difference	95% CI for Difference		Bonferroni
Enzymes		Comparison	Mean Difference	Lower	Upper	p
TP1	OX (U/mL)	NSnE vs NSE	−0.007	−0.018	0.0031	0.341
		NSnE > SnE	0.016 ^#	0.005	0.026	0.001 *
		NSnE > SE	0.012 ^#	0.002	0.022	0.015 *
		NSE > SnE	0.023 ^#	0.012	0.033	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.019 ^#	0.009	0.030	<0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.003	−0.014	0.007	1
TP2	POX (U/mL)	NSnE < NSE	−0.031 ^#	−0.043	−0.018	<0.001 *
		NSnE > SnE	0.019 ^#	0.007	0.032	0.001 *
		NSnE > SE	0.011	−0.001	0.024	0.106
		NSE > SnE	0.050 ^#	0.037	0.063	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.042 ^#	0.029	0.055	<0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.008	−0.021	0.005	0.536
TP3	POX (U/mL)	NSnE < NSE	−0.018 ^#	−0.030	−0.006	0.001 *
		NSnE > SnE	0.013 ^#	0.001	0.025	0.026 *
		NSnE > SE	0.009	−0.003	0.021	0.253
		NSE > SnE	0.031 ^#	0.019	0.043	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.027 ^#	0.015	0.039	<0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.004	−0.016	0.008	1
TP1	CAT (U/mL)	NSnE vs NSE	−0.001	−0.004	0.002	1
		NSnE > SnE	0.003 ^#	0.00	0.007	0.019 *
		NSnE > SE	0.004 ^#	0.001	0.007	0.007 *
		NSE > SnE	0.004 ^#	0.001	0.007	0.003 *
		NSE > SE	0.005 ^#	0.002	0.008	0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	< 0.001 *	−0.003	0.003	1
TP2	CAT (U/mL)	NSnE < NSE	−0.009 ^#	−0.015	−0.003	0.001 *
		NSnE vs SnE	−0.001	−0.008	0.005	1
		NSnE < SE	< 0.001 *	−0.006	0.006	1
		NSE > SnE	0.008 ^#	0.002	0.014	0.005 *
		NSE > SE	0.009 ^#	0.003	0.015	0.001 *
		SnE < SE	0.001	−0.005	0.008	1
TP3	CAT (U/mL)	NSnE vs NSE	−0.004	−0.009	0.00	0.056
		NSnE vs SnE	0.002	−0.002	0.007	0.907
		NSnE vs SE	0.00	0.004	0.005	1
		NSE > SnE	0.007 ^#	0.002	0.011	0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.005 ^#	0.00	0.009	0.041 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.002	−0.007	0.002	1
TP1	SOD (U/mL)	NSnE vs NSE	−0.030	−0.096	0.037	1
		NSnE > SnE	0.129 ^#	0.062	0.196	<0.001 *
		NSnE > SE	0.098 ^#	0.032	0.165	0.001 *
		NSE > SnE	0.158 ^#	0.091	0.225	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.128 ^#	0.061	0.195	<0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.030	−0.097	0.037	1
TP2	SOD (U/mL)	NSnE < NSE	−0.109 ^#	−0.190	−0.029	0.003 *
		NSnE > SnE	0.139 ^#	0.059	0.019	<0.001 *
		NSnE vs SE	0.036	−0.044	0.016	1
		NSE > SnE	0.248 ^#	0.168	0.329	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.145 ^#	0.065	0.226	<0.001 *
		SnE < SE	−0.103 ^#	−0.183	−0.023	0.006 *
TP3	SOD (U/mL)	NSnE < NSE	−0.084 ^#	−0.154	−0.014	0.011 *
		NSnE > SnE	0.132 ^#	0.062	0.202	<0.001 *
		NSnE > SE	0.093 ^#	0.023	0.163	0.004 *
		NSE > SnE	0.216 ^#	0.146	0.286	<0.001 *
		NSE > SE	0.177 ^#	0.107	0.247	<0.001 *
		SnE vs SE	−0.039	−0.109	0.031	0.776

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CI = confidence interval, POX = peroxidase, CAT = catalase, SOD = superoxide dismutase, TP1 = time point from Pre-test, TP2 = time point immediately after the test, TP3 = time point one hour after the test; NSnE = non-smokers that did not exercise; NSE = non-smokers that did exercise; SnE = smokers that did not exercise; SE = smokers that did exercise. * Represents statistically significant differences among groups in time points, p < 0.05. ^# Represents mean difference with statistical significance at the 0.05 level.