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Review
. 2015 Sep;34(5):351-8.
doi: 10.1007/s12664-015-0605-0. Epub 2015 Nov 13.

Portal hypertensive gastropathy and gastric antral vascular ectasia

Hitendra Garg  1 , Subhash Gupta  2 , A C Anand  2 , S L Broor  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Portal hypertensive gastropathy and gastric antral vascular ectasia

Hitendra Garg et al. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2015 Sep.

Abstract

Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) are gastric mucosal lesions that mostly present as chronic anemia and rarely cause the acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Despite similar clinical manifestations, their pathophysiology and management are entirely different. PHG is seen exclusively in patients with portal hypertension, but GAVE can also be observed in patients with other conditions. Their diagnosis is endoscopic, and although generally each of them has a characteristic endoscopic appearance and distribution, there are cases in which the differential is difficult and must rely on histology. This review focuses on the management of both entities. The mainstay of management of PHG is based on portal-hypotensive pharmacological treatment while GAVE benefits from hormonal therapy, endoscopic Nd:YAG laser, and argon plasma coagulation. More invasive options should be reserved for refractory cases.

Keywords: Argon plasma coagulation; Liver disease; Portal hypertension.

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