Ritonavir
- PMID: 30000601
- Bookshelf ID: NBK501541
Ritonavir
Excerpt
Ritonavir is excreted into milk in measurable concentrations and low levels can be found in the blood of some breastfed infants. No adverse reactions in breastfed infants have been reported. Achieving and maintaining viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy decreases breastfeeding transmission risk to less than 1%, but not zero. Individuals with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy with a sustained undetectable viral load and who choose to breastfeed should be supported in this decision. If a viral load is not suppressed, banked pasteurized donor milk or formula is recommended.[1,2]
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References
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- World Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring: recommendations for a public health approach. 2021. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240031593 - PubMed
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- Department of Health and Human Services. Recommendations for the use of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. Infant feeding for individuals with HIV in the United States. 2023. https://clinicalinfohivgov/en/guidelines/perinatal/infant-feeding-indivi...
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- Palombi L, Pirillo MF, Andreotti M, et al. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for breastfeeding transmission in Malawi: drug concentrations, virological efficacy and safety. Antivir Ther 2012;17:1511-9. - PubMed
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