Whole stimulated salivary flow: correlation with the pathology of inflammation and damage in minor salivary gland biopsy specimens from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome but not patients with sicca
- PMID: 21337320
- DOI: 10.1002/art.30295
Whole stimulated salivary flow: correlation with the pathology of inflammation and damage in minor salivary gland biopsy specimens from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome but not patients with sicca
Abstract
Objective: To determine which measure of the salivary flow rate, stimulated or unstimulated, is most strongly associated with pathologic changes in minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsy specimens, and to explore the correlation of salivary flow with oral surface damage, disease duration, and symptom severity in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
Methods: In all patients (n = 32), a biopsy of the MSG was performed, and stimulated salivary flow was assessed. Beginning in 2002, unstimulated salivary flow was also assessed. Scores for the severity of symptoms, according to the decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMF) index, were recorded. Associations between measures of salivary flow and covariates characterizing pathology were examined.
Results: A definite association between stimulated salivary flow and the MSG focus score, the grade of MSG fibrosis, the duration of dry mouth symptoms, and the DMF score was observed. In contrast, unstimulated salivary flow was not associated with fibrosis, atrophy, the DMF score, or the duration of dry mouth symptoms. In patients with primary SS, the DMF score was associated with pathologic changes in the MSG. Among patients with sicca, 57.9% had an abnormal unstimulated salivary flow rate (versus 82.4% of patients with primary SS), and 15.2% had an abnormal stimulated salivary flow rate (versus 61.8% of patients with primary SS). Among patients with sicca, neither stimulated salivary flow nor unstimulated salivary flow was associated with the degree of fibrosis or atrophy or with the DMF score.
Conclusion: Compared with unstimulated salivary flow, stimulated salivary flow appeared to be a better measure of inflammation (according to the focus score) and fibrosis. In patients with sicca, the unstimulated salivary flow rate appeared to be abnormal more commonly compared with the stimulated salivary flow rate. In the future, stimulated salivary flow may serve as a noninvasive surrogate biomarker of inflammation and fibrosis as well as a measure of response to treatment in patients with primary SS.
Copyright © 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology.
Similar articles
-
Increased expression of interleukin-7 in labial salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome correlates with increased inflammation.Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Apr;62(4):969-77. doi: 10.1002/art.27318. Arthritis Rheum. 2010. PMID: 20131250
-
Major salivary gland function in primary Sjögren's syndrome and its relationship to clinical features.J Rheumatol. 1990 Mar;17(3):318-22. J Rheumatol. 1990. PMID: 2332852
-
A comparison of salivary gland hypofunction in primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome.Oral Dis. 2001 Jan;7(1):28-30. Oral Dis. 2001. PMID: 11354918
-
Immunohistopathology of Sjögren's syndrome.Autoimmun Rev. 2006 Nov;6(1):16-20. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2006.03.003. Epub 2006 Apr 19. Autoimmun Rev. 2006. PMID: 17110311 Review.
-
Salivary histopathology in diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome.Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986;61:36-43. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1986. PMID: 3296156 Review.
Cited by
-
More severe parotid gland histopathology in paediatric-onset than in adult-onset Sjögren's disease.RMD Open. 2024 Aug 13;10(3):e004201. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2024-004201. RMD Open. 2024. PMID: 39142692 Free PMC article.
-
Epigenetic Regulation of EMP/EMT-Dependent Fibrosis.Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 28;25(5):2775. doi: 10.3390/ijms25052775. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 38474021 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Salivary Gland Endothelial Cells.J Dent Res. 2024 Mar;103(3):269-278. doi: 10.1177/00220345231219987. J Dent Res. 2024. PMID: 38411696
-
Extracellular matrix turnover in salivary gland disorders and regenerative therapies: Obstacles and opportunities.J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2023 Nov-Dec;13(6):693-703. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Sep 12. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2023. PMID: 37719063 Free PMC article.
-
Identifying fibrogenic cells following salivary gland obstructive injury.Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 May 23;11:1190386. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1190386. eCollection 2023. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023. PMID: 37287453 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical