Hypothyroidism
- PMID: 28336049
- PMCID: PMC6619426
- DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30703-1
Hypothyroidism
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is a common condition of thyroid hormone deficiency, which is readily diagnosed and managed but potentially fatal in severe cases if untreated. The definition of hypothyroidism is based on statistical reference ranges of the relevant biochemical parameters and is increasingly a matter of debate. Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism range from life threatening to no signs or symptoms. The most common symptoms in adults are fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, change in voice, and dry skin, but clinical presentation can differ with age and sex, among other factors. The standard treatment is thyroid hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine. However, a substantial proportion of patients who reach biochemical treatment targets have persistent complaints. In this Seminar, we discuss the epidemiology, causes, and symptoms of hypothyroidism; summarise evidence on diagnosis, long-term risk, treatment, and management; and highlight future directions for research.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of interests
RPP received lecture fees from GoodLife Fertility BV and Institut Biochemique SA. All other authors declare no competing interests.
Figures
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Comment in
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Hypothyroidism and hypertension: fact or myth?Lancet. 2018 Jan 6;391(10115):29-30. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33320-2. Lancet. 2018. PMID: 29323654 No abstract available.
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Hypothyroidism and hypertension: fact or myth? - Authors' reply.Lancet. 2018 Jan 6;391(10115):30. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33321-4. Lancet. 2018. PMID: 29323655 No abstract available.
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