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. 2019 Aug 30;20(17):4249.
doi: 10.3390/ijms20174249.

Altered Lipid Metabolism in Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psoriatic Patients Indicates Differential Changes in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis

Piotr Wójcik  1 , Michał Biernacki  1 , Adam Wroński  2 , Wojciech Łuczaj  1 , Georg Waeg  3 , Neven Žarković  4 , Elżbieta Skrzydlewska  5
Affiliations

Altered Lipid Metabolism in Blood Mononuclear Cells of Psoriatic Patients Indicates Differential Changes in Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis

Piotr Wójcik et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate possible stress-associated disturbances in lipid metabolism in mononuclear cells, mainly lymphocytes of patients with psoriasis vulgaris (Ps, n = 32) or with psoriatic arthritis (PsA, n = 16) in respect to the healthy volunteers (n = 16). The results showed disturbances in lipid metabolism of psoriatic patients reflected by different phospholipid profiles. The levels of non-enzymatic lipid metabolites associated with oxidative stress 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α) and free 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were higher in PsA, although levels of 4-HNE-His adducts were higher in Ps. In the case of the enzymatic metabolism of lipids, enhanced levels of endocannabinoids were observed in both forms of psoriasis, while higher expression of their receptors and activities of phospholipases were detected only in Ps. Moreover, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) activity was enhanced only in Ps, but cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was enhanced both in Ps and PsA, generating higher levels of eicosanoids: prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13HODE), thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Surprisingly, some of major eicosanoids 15-d-PGJ2 (15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2), 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were elevated in Ps and reduced in PsA. The results of our study revealed changes in lipid metabolism with enhancement of immune system-modulating mediators in psoriatic mononuclear cells. Evaluating further differential stress responses in Ps and PsA affecting lipid metabolism and immunity might be useful to improve the prevention and therapeutic treatments of psoriasis.

Keywords: eicosanoids; endocannabinoids; lipid mediators; lipid peroxidation products; psoriasis vulgaris; psoriatic arthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of the phospholipid species relative abundance determined by HILIC-LC-MS in lymphocytes of patient with psoriasis vulgaris (n = 10) and psoriatic arthritis (n = 10) as well as healthy subjects (n = 10); 95% confidential intervals are indicated by shaded area.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The level of phospholipid oxidative modifications products and of 4-HNE-protein adducts in mononuclear cells of healthy peoples (n = 16) and patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n = 32) and psoriatic arthritis (n = 16). 8-isoPGF2α, F2α-8-isoprostaglandin; 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal. Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subject, p < 0.05; x, significantly different from patients with psoriasis vulgaris, p < 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The activity of the enzymes involved in phospholipid metabolism in mononuclear cells of patients psoriasis vulgaris (n = 32) and psoriatic arthritis (n = 16) as well as healthy subjects (n = 16). PLA2, phosholipase A2; PAF-AF, platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase; COX, cyclooxygenases. Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subject, p < 0.05; x, significantly different from patients with psoriasis vulgaris, p < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The expression of receptors involved in phospholipid metabolism in mononuclear cells of patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n = 16) and psoriatic arthritis (n = 8) and healthy peoples (n = 8). CB1, CB2, cannabinoid receptors; GRP55, G protein-coupled receptor 55; TRPV, the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subjects, p < 0.05; x, significantly different from patients with psoriasis vulgaris, p < 0.05.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The level of the eicosanoids in mononuclear cells of patients with psoriasis (n = 32), psoriatic arthritis (n = 16), as well as healthy subjects (n = 16). Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subject, p < 0.05; x, significantly different from patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13HODE), thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Surprisingly, some of major eicosanoids 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2), 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE). Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subject, p < 0.05; x, significantly different from patients with Ps, p < 0.05.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The expression of interleukins and pro-inflammatory mediators in mononuclear cells from patients with psoriasis vulgaris (n = 16), psoriatic arthritis (n = 8), and healthy subjects (n = 8). IL-interleukine. Data points represent the mean ± SD; a, significantly different from healthy subjects, p < 0.05.
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