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. 2021 Nov-Dec:91-92:111393.
doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111393. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

Sequential diets and weight loss: Including a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet with and without time-restricted feeding

Rebecca A G Christensen  1 , Sasha High  2 , Sean Wharton  3 , Elham Kamran  2 , Maral Dehlehhosseinzadeh  4 , Michael Fung  5 , Jennifer L Kuk  4
Affiliations

Sequential diets and weight loss: Including a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet with and without time-restricted feeding

Rebecca A G Christensen et al. Nutrition. 2021 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Objective: The aims of this study were to assess the effectiveness of a low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet with and without a time-restricted feeding (TRF) protocol on weight loss and participating in three sequential dietary interventions (standard calorie-deficit diet, LCHF, and LCHF + TRF) on weight loss outcomes.

Methods: Data from 227 adults from the Wharton Medical Clinic (WMC) were analyzed using a unidirectional case crossover design. Data was imputed for 154 patients to create a pseudo-sample in which everyone participated in three dietary interventions: standard calorie restriction, LCHF, and LCHF + TRF.

Results: Patients lost an average of 11.1 ± 1.3 kg (9.8 ± 1.1%) after three sequential dietary interventions (P < 0.0001). Patients lost a statistically significant amount of weight from the standard WMC, LCHF, and LCHF+TRF diets (P < 0.05). With and without adjustment for age, sex, body mass index at the start of the dietary protocol, and treatment time, patients lost a similar amount of weight regardless of the dietary intervention (P > 0.05). Approximately 78.6% of patients achieved ≥5% weight loss with at least one of the diets.

Conclusion: Patients can lose a similar amount of weight regardless of the diet they are following. Approximately 78.9% of patients achieved 5% weight loss with at least one of the diets and lost an average 11.1 kg (or 9.8%). This is nearly double what has been previously reported for one dietary intervention. Thus, participating in sequential diets may be associated with greater absolute weight loss, and likelihood of achieving a clinically significant weight loss.

Keywords: Low-carbohydrate high-fat; Obesity; Sequential diets; Time-restricted feeding; Weight loss; intermittent fasting.

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