Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 May 31;316(6):292.
doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-02991-5.

The most common skin symptoms in young adults and adults related to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection

Monika Zaborska  1 , Maksymilan Chruszcz  2 , Jakub Sadowski  2 , Tomasz Klaudel  2 , Michał Pelczarski  2 , Anna Sztangreciak-Lehun  3 , Rafał Jakub Bułdak  3
Affiliations
Review

The most common skin symptoms in young adults and adults related to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection

Monika Zaborska et al. Arch Dermatol Res. .

Abstract

Scientists from various areas of the world indicate in their studies that skin lesions occur in the course of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This article is a review of the most frequently described cutaneous manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and the potential pathophysiology of their development, as well as information on abnormalities in histopathological tests. The article describes the impact of some factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the exacerbation of chronic dermatological diseases. This work was constructed on the basis of 142 research studies, reviews, and meta-analyses, focusing on the methods and materials used in individual works as well as the results and conclusions resulting from them. Some skin lesions may be a potential prognostic marker of the course of the disease and may also be a prodromal symptom or the only symptom of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. Stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic may exacerbate some chronic dermatological diseases. A correlation was observed between the type of skin lesions and the patient's age. The occurrence of skin diseases may also be influenced by drugs used to treat infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. A relationship was observed between the patient's ethnic origin and skin lesions occurring in the course of COVID-19. There is a need to further diagnose the cutaneous manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to learn the detailed pathomechanism of their occurrence in order to better understand the essence of the disease and find an appropriate treatment method.

Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 dermatology; COVID-19 rashes; Pathophysiology of COVID-19 in the case of skin lesions; SARS-CoV-2; Skin lesions in the course of COVID-19; Skin manifestations of COVID-19; Symptoms of infection SARS-CoV-2.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

The authors confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The most common skin symptoms in adults related to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. [–38, 45, 54, 57, 61, 74]
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, the activation of the complement system, and the response of mast cells to its action. The classical pathway is activated by specific SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the complement component C1 complex by activating the transformation of C2 and C4 molecules into active parts, which together form the C4b2a complex, activating subsequent elements of the cascade, including C3 and C5 molecules, resulting in their active parts that bind to the appropriate receptors on mast cells, causing the release of bradykinin during their degranulation [–42]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Afrisham R, Jadidi Y, Davoudi M, Moayedi K, Karami S, Sadegh-Nejadi S, et al. Renal, cardiac, neurological, cutaneous and coagulopathic long-term manifestations of COVID-19 after recovery. A review Epidemiol Infect. 2022;150:e208. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sohrabi C, Mathew G, Franchi T, Kerwan A, Griffin M, Del SolleliMundo SCJ, et al. Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on scientific research and implications for clinical academic training – A review. Int J Surg. 2021;86:57–63. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Das S, Samanta S, Banerjee J, Pal A, Giri B, Kar SS, et al. Is Omicron the end of pandemic or start of a new innings? Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022;48:102332. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ioannidis JPA. The end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Clin Invest. 2022;52(6):e13782. - PMC - PubMed
    1. COVID-19 Pandemic Timeline [Internet]. [cited 2023 Nov 18]. Available from: https://www.nm.org/healthbeat/medical-advances/new-therapies-and-drug-tr...
-