Journal Description
Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials
is an international, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal, published semimonthly online by MDPI. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, and short notes that are relevant to any field of study that involves nanomaterials, with respect to their science and application. The Spanish Carbon Group (GEC) is affiliated with Nanomaterials and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, CAPlus / SciFinder, Inspec, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Chemistry, Multidisciplinary) / CiteScore - Q1 (General Chemical Engineering )
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 13.6 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.5 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Companion journals for Nanomaterials include: Nanomanufacturing and Applied Nano.
Impact Factor:
4.4 (2023);
5-Year Impact Factor:
4.7 (2023)
Latest Articles
Vests with Radiative Cooling Materials to Improve Thermal Comfort of Outdoor Workers: An Experimental Study
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131119 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
This study focuses on improving human thermal comfort in a high-temperature outdoor environment using vests with a radiative cooling coating. The effects of coating thickness on the radiative cooling performance were first evaluated, and an optimal thickness of 160 μm was achieved. Then,
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This study focuses on improving human thermal comfort in a high-temperature outdoor environment using vests with a radiative cooling coating. The effects of coating thickness on the radiative cooling performance were first evaluated, and an optimal thickness of 160 μm was achieved. Then, six subjects were recruited to evaluate the thermal comfort in two scenarios: wearing the vest with radiative cooling coatings, and wearing the standard vest. Compared with the standard vest, the coated vest decreases the maximum temperature at the vest inner surface and the outer surface by 5.54 °C and 4.37 °C, respectively. The results show that thermal comfort is improved by wearing radiative cooling vests. With an increase of wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), the improving effects tend to decline. A significant improvement in human thermal comfort is observed at a WBGT of 26 °C. Specifically, the percentage of thermal sensation vote (TSV) wearing the cooling vest in the range of 0 to 1 increases from 29.2% to 66.7% compared with that of the untreated vest. At the same time, the average value of thermal comfort vote (TCV) increases from −0.5 to 0.2.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Based Advanced Thermoelectric Design)
Open AccessArticle
Enhancing Emission and Stability in Na-Doped Cs3Cu2I5 Nanocrystals
by
Na Guo, Lili Liu, Guilong Cao, Shurui Xing, Jingying Liang, Jianjun Chen, Zuojun Tan, Yuequn Shang and Hongwei Lei
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131118 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
Lead-free Cs3Cu2I5 metal halides have garnered significant attention recently due to their non-toxic properties and deep-blue emission. However, their relatively low photoluminescence quantum efficiency and poor stability have limited their applications. In this work, sodium iodide (NaI) is
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Lead-free Cs3Cu2I5 metal halides have garnered significant attention recently due to their non-toxic properties and deep-blue emission. However, their relatively low photoluminescence quantum efficiency and poor stability have limited their applications. In this work, sodium iodide (NaI) is used to facilitate the synthesis of Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals (NCs), demonstrating improved photoluminescence intensity, photoluminescence quantum yield, and stability. Systematic optoelectronic characterizations confirm that Na+ is successfully incorporated into the Cs3Cu2I5 lattice without altering its crystal structure. The improved Photoluminescence Quantum Yield (PLQY) and stability are attributed to the strengthened chemical bonding, which effectively suppresses vacancy defects in the lattice. Additionally, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on 10% NaI-doped Cs3Cu2I5 NCs were assembled, emitting vibrant blue light with a maximum radiant intensity of 82 lux and Commission Internationale de l´Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.15, 0.1). This work opens new possibilities for commercial lighting display applications.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Solar Energy and Solar Cells)
Open AccessArticle
Maximizing N-Nitrosamine Rejection via RO Membrane Plugging with Hexylamine and Hexamethylenediamine
by
Silvia Morović, Katarina Marija Drmić, Sandra Babić and Krešimir Košutić
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1117; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131117 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
The rapid expansion of urban areas and the increasing demand for water resources necessitate substantial investments in technologies that enable the reuse of municipal wastewater for various purposes. Nonetheless, numerous challenges remain, particularly regarding disinfection by-products (DBPs), especially carcinogenic compounds such as N
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The rapid expansion of urban areas and the increasing demand for water resources necessitate substantial investments in technologies that enable the reuse of municipal wastewater for various purposes. Nonetheless, numerous challenges remain, particularly regarding disinfection by-products (DBPs), especially carcinogenic compounds such as N-nitrosamines (NTRs). To tackle the ongoing issues associated with reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, this study investigated the rejection of NTRs across a range of commercially available RO membranes. In addition, the research aimed to improve rejection rates by integrating molecular plugs into the nanopores of the polyamide (PA) layer. Hexylamine (HEX) and hexamethylenediamine (HDMA), both linear chain amines, have proven to be effective as molecular plugs for enhancing the removal of NTRs. Given the environmental and human health concerns associated with linear amines, the study also aimed to assess the feasibility of diamine molecules as potential alternatives. The application of molecular plugs led to changes in pore size distribution (PSD) and effective pore number, resulting in a decrease in membrane permeability (from 5 to 33%), while maintaining levels suitable for RO processes. HEX and HDMA exhibited a positive effect on NTR rejection with ACM1, ACM5 and BW30LE membranes. In particular, NDMA rejection, the smallest molecule of the tested NTRs, with ACM1 was improved by 65.5% and 70.6% after treatment with HEX and HDMA, respectively.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Recent Trends in Functional Membranes and Nanostructured Materials for Environmental Applications)
Open AccessArticle
Modeling the Fundamental Viscoelastic Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) and PLA/Nanocomposites in a Unified Manner
by
Evagelia Kontou, Ilias Charitos and Anastasios Drougkas
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1116; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131116 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
The description of various loading types within the frame of viscoelasticity, such as creep–recovery and stress relaxation in a wide time scale, by means of the same model and similar model parameters is always an interesting topic. In the present work, a viscoelastic
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The description of various loading types within the frame of viscoelasticity, such as creep–recovery and stress relaxation in a wide time scale, by means of the same model and similar model parameters is always an interesting topic. In the present work, a viscoelastic model that was analyzed in previous works has been utilized to describe the main standard loading types of viscoelasticity with the same set of model parameters. The relaxation function of this model includes a distribution function followed by the energy barriers that need to be overcome by the molecular domains when a stress field is applied. This distribution function attains a decisive role in the analysis and it was shown that it can be determined on the basis of the loss modulus master curve experimental results. Thereafter, requiring no additional parameters, the creep compliance, the relaxation modulus of poly-lactic acid (PLA) in a wide time scale, as well as creep–recovery at various stresses could be predicted. It was also found that by employing the distribution function associated with the PLA matrix, the creep–recovery experimental data of PLA/hybrid nanocomposites could subsequently be predicted. Therefore, the proposed analysis was shown to be a useful method to predict the material’s viscoelastic response.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Target Detection of Diamond Nanostructures Based on Improved YOLOv8 Modeling
by
Fengxiang Guo, Xinyun Guo, Lei Guo, Yibao Wang, Qinhang Wang, Shousheng Liu, Mei Zhang, Lili Zhang and Zhigang Gai
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1115; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131115 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
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Boron-doped diamond thin films exhibit extensive applications in chemical sensing, in which the performance could be further enhanced by nano-structuring of the surfaces. In order to discover the relationship between diamond nanostructures and properties, this paper is dedicated to deep learning target detection
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Boron-doped diamond thin films exhibit extensive applications in chemical sensing, in which the performance could be further enhanced by nano-structuring of the surfaces. In order to discover the relationship between diamond nanostructures and properties, this paper is dedicated to deep learning target detection methods. However, great challenges, such as noise, unclear target boundaries, and mutual occlusion between targets, are inevitable during the target detection of nanostructures. To tackle these challenges, DWS-YOLOv8 (DCN + WIoU + SA + YOLOv8n) is introduced to optimize the YOLOv8n model for the detection of diamond nanostructures. A deformable convolutional C2f (DCN_C2f) module is integrated into the backbone network, as is a shuffling attention (SA) mechanism, for adaptively tuning the perceptual field of the network and reducing the effect of noise. Finally, Wise-IoU (WIoU)v3 is utilized as a bounding box regression loss to enhance the model’s ability to localize diamond nanostructures. Compared to YOLOv8n, a 9.4% higher detection accuracy is achieved for the present model with reduced computational complexity. Additionally, the enhancement of precision (P), recall (R), [email protected], and [email protected]:0.95 is demonstrated, which validates the effectiveness of the present DWS-YOLOv8 method. These methods provide effective support for the subsequent understanding and customization of the properties of surface nanostructures.
Full article
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Open AccessArticle
Quantum Graphene Asymmetric Devices for Harvesting Electromagnetic Energy
by
Mircea Dragoman, Adrian Dinescu, Martino Aldrigo and Daniela Dragoman
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131114 (registering DOI) - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
We present here the fabrication at the wafer level and the electrical performance of two types of graphene diodes: ballistic trapezoidal-shaped graphene diodes and lateral tunneling graphene diodes. In the case of the ballistic trapezoidal-shaped graphene diode, we observe a large DC current
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We present here the fabrication at the wafer level and the electrical performance of two types of graphene diodes: ballistic trapezoidal-shaped graphene diodes and lateral tunneling graphene diodes. In the case of the ballistic trapezoidal-shaped graphene diode, we observe a large DC current of 200 µA at a DC bias voltage of ±2 V and a large voltage responsivity of 2000 v/w, while in the case of the lateral tunneling graphene diodes, we obtain a DC current of 1.5 mA at a DC bias voltage of ±2 V, with a voltage responsivity of 3000 v/w. An extended analysis of the defects produced during the fabrication process and their influences on the graphene diode performance is also presented.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Harvesting Electromagnetic Fields with Nanomaterials from Microwaves to Ultraviolet)
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Open AccessArticle
A Hierarchical Nano to Micro Scale Modelling of 3D Printed Nano-Reinforced Polylactic Acid: Micropolar Modelling and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
by
AbdolMajid Rezaei, Razie Izadi and Nicholas Fantuzzi
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1113; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131113 - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technique widely used for rapid prototyping. This method facilitates the creation of parts with intricate geometries, making it suitable for advanced applications in fields such as tissue engineering, aerospace, and electronics. Despite its advantages, FDM
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Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technique widely used for rapid prototyping. This method facilitates the creation of parts with intricate geometries, making it suitable for advanced applications in fields such as tissue engineering, aerospace, and electronics. Despite its advantages, FDM often results in the formation of voids between the deposited filaments, which can compromise mechanical properties. However, in some cases, such as the design of scaffolds for bone regeneration, increased porosity can be advantageous as it allows for better permeability. On the other hand, the introduction of nano-additives into the FDM material enhances design flexibility and can significantly improve the mechanical properties. Therefore, modelling FDM-produced components involves complexities at two different scales: nanoscales and microscales. Material deformation is primarily influenced by atomic-scale phenomena, especially with nanoscopic constituents, whereas the distribution of nano-reinforcements and FDM-induced heterogeneities lies at the microscale. This work presents multiscale modelling that bridges the nano and microscales to predict the mechanical properties of FDM-manufactured components. At the nanoscale, molecular dynamic simulations unravel the atomistic intricacies that dictate the behaviour of the base material containing nanoscopic reinforcements. Simulations are conducted on polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA reinforced with silver nanoparticles, with the properties derived from MD simulations transferred to the microscale model. At the microscale, non-classical micropolar theory is utilised, which can account for materials’ heterogeneity through internal scale parameters while avoiding direct discretization. The developed mechanical model offers a comprehensive framework for designing 3D-printed PLA nanocomposites with tailored mechanical properties.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Theory and Simulation of Nanostructures)
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Open AccessArticle
Antibiotic Degradation via Fenton Process Assisted by a 3-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction Pathway Catalyzed by Bio-Carbon–Manganese Composites
by
Edgar Fajardo-Puerto, Abdelhakim Elmouwahidi, Esther Bailón-García, María Pérez-Cadenas, Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas and Francisco Carrasco-Marín
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1112; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131112 - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
Bio-carbon–manganese composites obtained from olive mill wastewater were successfully prepared using manganese acetate as the manganese source and olive wastewater as the carbon precursor. The samples were characterized chemically and texturally by N2 and CO2 adsorption at 77 K and 273
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Bio-carbon–manganese composites obtained from olive mill wastewater were successfully prepared using manganese acetate as the manganese source and olive wastewater as the carbon precursor. The samples were characterized chemically and texturally by N2 and CO2 adsorption at 77 K and 273 K, respectively, by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical characterization was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The samples were evaluated in the electro-Fenton degradation of tetracycline in a typical three-electrode system under natural conditions of pH and temperature (6.5 and 25 °C). The results show that the catalysts have a high catalytic power capable of degrading tetracycline (about 70%) by a three-electron oxygen reduction pathway in which hydroxyl radicals are generated in situ, thus eliminating the need for two catalysts (ORR and Fenton).
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanomaterials for Electrocatalysis, Photocatalysis, Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells and Toxicity)
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Open AccessArticle
Novel Biological-Based Strategy for Synthesis of Green Nanochitosan and Copper-Chitosan Nanocomposites: Promising Antibacterial and Hematological Agents
by
Hadeer I. Mohamed, Nesrine M. R. Mahmoud, Abeer Ramadan, Abeer M. Al-Subaie and Somia B. Ahmed
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1111; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131111 - 28 Jun 2024
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Two novel samples of nanoparticles based on chitosan were greenly synthesized using pomegranate peel extract. The extract served as a nanoparticle precursor, facilitating the precipitation of nanosized chitosan through the ionic gelation method. Additionally, by mixing the green chitosan nanoparticles with copper ions,
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Two novel samples of nanoparticles based on chitosan were greenly synthesized using pomegranate peel extract. The extract served as a nanoparticle precursor, facilitating the precipitation of nanosized chitosan through the ionic gelation method. Additionally, by mixing the green chitosan nanoparticles with copper ions, a nanoscale composite of chitosan and copper oxide was also produced. Structural and morphological investigations (FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and TGA analyses) were performed for greenly synthesized chitosan nanoparticles and their copper oxide composite to determine all the significant characteristics of those nanoparticles. In addition, both samples were tested using some biological investigations, such as antimicrobial activity and hematological effects. The antimicrobial tests yielded promising results for both the green chitosan nanoparticles and the CuO composite when tested using two bacterial strains and two fungal strains. Moreover, the results showed that using a similar concentration of both green-based chitosan samples resulted in a slightly larger inhibition zone and a lower minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for the copper oxide chitosan composite compared to the chitosan nanoparticles for all microorganisms included in the test. The mean count of blood components (RBCs and platelets), clotting time, and cholesterol levels in three different blood samples were used to indicate the hematological activity of both greenly synthesized nanoparticles. The results verified a slight reduction in blood component count after the addition of green chitosan nanoparticles, but the chitosan copper oxide composite did not have a noticeable effect on the three blood samples. The chitosan nanoparticles were able to cause a considerable reduction in clotting time and cholesterol levels for all blood samples, thus acting as procoagulants. However, the mixing of CuO with chitosan nanoparticles prolonged the rate of clotting in blood samples from hypercholesteremic individuals, and thus, the mixture acted as an anticoagulant agent.
Full article
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Open AccessReview
Advancements in Aerogel Technology for Antimicrobial Therapy: A Review
by
George-Alexandru Croitoru, Diana-Cristina Pîrvulescu, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Marius Rădulescu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and Carmen-Larisa Nicolae
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1110; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131110 - 28 Jun 2024
Abstract
This paper explores the latest advancements in aerogel technology for antimicrobial therapy, revealing their interesting capacity that could improve the current medical approaches for antimicrobial treatments. Aerogels are attractive matrices because they can have an antimicrobial effect on their own, but they can
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This paper explores the latest advancements in aerogel technology for antimicrobial therapy, revealing their interesting capacity that could improve the current medical approaches for antimicrobial treatments. Aerogels are attractive matrices because they can have an antimicrobial effect on their own, but they can also provide efficient delivery of antimicrobial compounds. Their interesting properties, such as high porosity, ultra-lightweight, and large surface area, make them suitable for such applications. The fundamentals of aerogels and mechanisms of action are discussed. The paper also highlights aerogels’ importance in addressing current pressing challenges related to infection management, like the limited drug delivery alternatives and growing resistance to antimicrobial agents. It also covers the potential applications of aerogels in antimicrobial therapy and their possible limitations.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bioactive Nanoparticles on Wound Healing, Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery)
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