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Review
. 2021 Nov 12;19(11):637.
doi: 10.3390/md19110637.

Antiparasitic Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Hydrobionts

Natalya N Besednova  1 , Tatyana S Zaporozhets  1 , Boris G Andryukov  1   2 , Sergey P Kryzhanovsky  3 , Svetlana P Ermakova  4 , Tatyana A Kuznetsova  1 , Anastasia N Voronova  1 , Mikhail Y Shchelkanov  1   2   5   6
Affiliations
Review

Antiparasitic Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Hydrobionts

Natalya N Besednova et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract

This review presents materials characterizing sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) of marine hydrobionts (algae and invertebrates) as potential means for the prevention and treatment of protozoa and helminthiasis. The authors have summarized the literature on the pathogenetic targets of protozoa on the host cells and on the antiparasitic potential of polysaccharides from red, brown and green algae as well as certain marine invertebrates. Information about the mechanisms of action of these unique compounds in diseases caused by protozoa has also been summarized. SPS is distinguished by high antiparasitic activity, good solubility and an almost complete absence of toxicity. In the long term, this allows for the consideration of these compounds as effective and attractive candidates on which to base drugs, biologically active food additives and functional food products with antiparasitic activity.

Keywords: antiparasitic activity; cryptosporidiosis; leishmaniasis; malaria; marine hydrobionts; protozoa; schistosomiasis; sulfated polysaccharides; trichomoniasis; trypanosomiasis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SPS from marine hydrobionts, in particular heparin, heparin-like polysaccharides, and fucoidans as well as the drug sevuparin developed on the same basis, all have antimalarial effects.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Highly purified SPS obtained from extracts of the red algae Solieria filiformis, Botryocladia occidentalis, and Caulerpa racemosa showed antileishmania activity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sulfated biopolymers from marine hydrobiont fucoidans (brown algae) in combination with silver nanoparticles, as well as chitosan from crustaceans, have an antitrypanosomal effect.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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