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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Jun 17:37:e1804.
doi: 10.1590/0102-6720202400011e1804. eCollection 2024.

EFFECT OF AN ORAL HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM ON GASTROPLASTY PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Ilma Carla DE-Souza  1 , Márjori Frítola  1 , Valéria Campos Mariano Francelino  1 , Nathalia Maciel Corsi  1 , Sandra Mara Maciel  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

EFFECT OF AN ORAL HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM ON GASTROPLASTY PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Ilma Carla DE-Souza et al. Arq Bras Cir Dig. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Background: Bariatric surgery can cause oral health problems in individuals, such as an increase in dental caries, periodontal diseases and dental erosion, which can be avoided if oral health promotion actions are implemented.

Aims: To assess the impact of an oral health promotion program implemented among gastroplasty patients.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial involved 208 patients undergoing gastroplasty; they were divided into two groups: Intervention Group, with participation in the Oral Health Promotion Program for Bariatric Patients, or Control Group. Assessments were carried out preoperatively, and six and 12 months postoperatively. The oral conditions assessed were: dental caries, periodontal diseases, tooth wear, dental plaque, and salivary flow. Sociodemographic information was obtained through application of structured questionnaires. For data analysis, the Chi-Square, Fisher's Exact, and Mann-Whitney tests were performed - α=5%.

Results: Patients in the Intervention Group, when compared to those in the Control Group, presented: fewer changes in enamel (6M: p<0.0001; 12M: p=0.001), in dentin (6M: p<0.0001; 12M: p<0.0001), moderate tooth wear (6M=0.002; 12M=0.005), gingival bleeding (6M: p<0.0001), dental calculus (6M=0.002; 12M: p=0.03), periodontal pocket 4-5 mm (6M=0.001; 12M: p=<0.0001); greater reduction in the bacterial plaque index (6M: p<0.0001; 12M: p<0.0001), and increased salivary flow (6M: p=0.019).

Conclusions: The oral health promotion program had a positive impact on the prevention and control of the main problems to the oral health of the gastroplasty patients.

RACIONAL:: A cirurgia bariátrica pode ocasionar agravos bucais no indivíduo, como o aumento de cárie dentária, doença periodontal e erosão dentária, que podem ser evitados se ações de promoção em saúde bucal forem implementadas.

OBJETIVO:: Avaliar o impacto de um programa de promoção de saúde bucal implementado junto a gastroplastizados.

MÉTODOS:: Este ensaio clínico randomizado envolveu 208 pacientes submetidos à gastroplastia, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo de Intervenção, com participação no Programa de Promoção de Saúde Bucal para Pacientes Bariátricos ou Grupo Controle. As avaliações foram feitas no pré-operatório e pós-operatório de 6 e 12 meses. As condições bucais avaliadas foram: cárie dentária, doença periodontal, desgaste dentário, placa dentária e fluxo salivar. Informações sociodemográficas foram obtidas pela aplicação de questionários estruturados. Para análise dos dados foram aplicados os testes Qui- Quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney, α=5%.

RESULTADOS:: Pacientes do Grupo de Intervenção, quando comparados aos do Grupo Controle, apresentaram: menos alterações de esmalte (6M: p<0,0001; 12M: p=0,001), de dentina (6M: p<0,0001; 12M: p<0,0001), desgaste dentário moderado (6M=0,002; 12M=0,005), sangramento gengival (6M: p<0,0001), cálculo dentário (6M=0,002; 12M: p=0,03), bolsa periodontal de 4-5 mm (6M=0,001; 12M: p=<0,0001); maior redução no índice de placa bacteriana (6M: p<0,0001; 12M: p<0,0001) e aumento do fluxo salivar (6M: p=0,019).

CONCLUSÕES:: Houve impacto positivo do programa de promoção de saúde bucal na prevenção e controle dos principais agravos à saúde bucal dos gastroplastizados.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Protocol for promoting the oral health of bariatric patients.
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