Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Aug 1:352:97-106.
doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.027. Epub 2018 May 22.

Evaluation of kidney injury biomarkers in an adult Mexican population environmentally exposed to fluoride and low arsenic levels

Monica I Jiménez-Córdova  1 , Mariana Cárdenas-González  1 , Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid  2 , Luz C Sanchez-Peña  1 , Ángel Barrera-Hernández  1 , Iván A Domínguez-Guerrero  3 , Carmen González-Horta  3 , Olivier C Barbier  1 , Luz M Del Razo  4
Affiliations

Evaluation of kidney injury biomarkers in an adult Mexican population environmentally exposed to fluoride and low arsenic levels

Monica I Jiménez-Córdova et al. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Fluoride (F) is a toxicant widely distributed in the environment. Experimental studies have shown kidney toxicity from F exposure. However, co-exposure to arsenic (As) has not been considered, and epidemiological information remains limited. We evaluated the association between F exposure and urinary kidney injury biomarkers and assessed As co-exposure interactions. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 239 adults (18-77 years old) from three communities in Chihuahua, Mexico. Exposure to F was assessed in urine and drinking water, and As in urine samples. We evaluated the urinary concentrations of albumin (ALB), cystatin-C (Cys-C), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), clusterin (CLU), osteopontin (OPN), and trefoil factor 3 (TFF-3). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using serum creatinine (Creat) levels. We observed a positive correlation between water and urine F concentrations (ρ = 0.7419, p < 0.0001), with median values of 1.5 mg/L and 2 μg/mL, respectively, suggesting that drinking water was the main source of F exposure. The geometric mean of urinary As was 18.55 ng/mL, approximately 39% of the urine samples had As concentrations above the human biomonitoring value (15 ng/mL). Multiple linear regression models demonstrated a positive association between urinary F and ALB (β = 0.56, p < 0.001), Cys-C (β = 0.022, p = 0.001), KIM-1 (β = 0.048, p = 0.008), OPN (β = 0.38, p = 0.041), and eGFR (β = 0.49, p = 0.03); however, CLU (β = 0.07, p = 0.100) and TFF-3 (β = 1.14, p = 0.115) did not show significant associations. No interaction with As exposure was observed. In conclusion, F exposure was related to the urinary excretion of early kidney injury biomarkers, supporting the hypothesis of the nephrotoxic role of F exposure.

Keywords: Arsenic; Biomarkers; Fluoride; Human Biomonitoring; Kidney Toxicity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

Publication types

MeSH terms

-