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. 2024 May 7;108(1):322.
doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13159-6.

Phenolic compound profiling and antioxidant potential of different types of Schisandra henryi in vitro cultures

Karolina Jafernik  1 , Paweł Kubica  1 , Marta Sharafan  2 , Aleksandra Kruk  3 , Magdalena Anna Malinowska  2 , Sebastian Granica  3 , Agnieszka Szopa  4
Affiliations

Phenolic compound profiling and antioxidant potential of different types of Schisandra henryi in vitro cultures

Karolina Jafernik et al. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Schisandra henryi is an endemic species of medicinal potential known from traditional Chinese medicine. As part of this study, a complex biotechnological and phytochemical assessment was conducted on S. henryi with a focus on phenolic compounds and antioxidant profiling. The following in vitro cultures were tested: microshoot agar and callus, microshoot agitated, and suspension, along with the microshoot culture in PlantForm bioreactors. Qualitative profiling was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector coupled with ion-trap mass spectrophotometry with electrospray ionization and then quantitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector using standards. In the extracts, mainly the compounds from procyanidins were identified as well as phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid) and catechin. The highest content of phenolic compounds was found for in vitro agar microshoot culture (max. total content 229.87 mg/100 g DW) and agitated culture (max. total content 22.82 mg/100 g DW). The max. TPC measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay was equal to 1240.51 mg GAE/100 g DW (agar microshoot culture). The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant potential by the DPPH, FRAP, and chelate iron ion assays. The highest potential was indicated for agar microshoot culture (90% of inhibition and 59.31 nM/L TEAC, respectively). The research conducted on the polyphenol profiling and antioxidant potential of S. henryi in vitro culture extracts indicates the high therapeutic potential of this species. KEY POINTS: • Different types of S. henryi in vitro cultures were compared for the first time. • The S. henryi in vitro culture strong antioxidant potential was determined for the first time. • The polyphenol profiling of different types of S. henryi in vitro cultures was shown.

Keywords: Schizandra; Antioxidant potential; Phenolic acids; Plant biotechnology; Plant temporary immersion systems; Procyanidins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Morphological appearance of tested types in vitro cultures of S. henryi: A callus culture; B suspension culture; C agar microshoot culture; D microshoot agitated culture; E microshoot culture in PlantForm bioreactor
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Heatmap comparing the quantitative analysis and antioxidant potential results of S. henryi in vitro cultures extracts. The heatmap illustrates the varying levels of different compounds across different sample types in a biological study. The color gradient reflects the concentration or presence of specific compounds (neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin), total polyphenol content (TCP), TEAC (by FRAP method), total antioxidant potential (by DPPH method), and chelating ability (FIC), within each sample type
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