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. 2024 Jun 21;19(1):84.
doi: 10.1186/s13000-024-01491-4.

Evaluation of OVOL1 and Filaggrin immunohistochemical expression and clinical relevance in psoriasis

Aiat Shaban Hemida  1 , Mostafa Ahmed Hammam  2 , Aya Ahmed Swilam  3 , Wafaa Ahmed Shehata  2
Affiliations

Evaluation of OVOL1 and Filaggrin immunohistochemical expression and clinical relevance in psoriasis

Aiat Shaban Hemida et al. Diagn Pathol. .

Abstract

Background: Psoriasis is a disease of overactive immune system. OVOL1 and Filaggrin have been associated with many inflammatory skin lesions. To the best of our knowledge, the correlation between OVOL1 and Filaggrin in psoriasis was not previously investigated. This work aims to search the immunohistochemical expression and correlation between OVOL1 and Filaggrin in psoriasis.

Materials and methods: Slides cut from paraffin blocks of 30 psoriasis cases and 30 control subjects were stained with OVOL1 and Filaggrin. Clinicopathological data were correlated with the results of staining.

Results: OVOL1 and Filaggrin expression in epidermis showed a significant gradual reduction from normal skin to peri-lesional and psoriasis biopsies (P < 0.001). In contrast, psoriasis dermis showed a significant overexpression of OVOL1 in inflammatory cells in relation to peri-lesional biopsies (P < 0.002). OVOL1 demonstrated a significant direct correlation with Filaggrin expression in psoriasis (r = 0.568, P < 0.004). OVOL1 and Filaggrin expression in psoriasis skin epidermis demonstrated a statistically significant negative correlation with PASI score.

Conclusion: OVOL1 and Filaggrin might be involved in psoriasis-associated inflammation and skin hyperproliferation. OVOL1 might have a protective barrier function in the skin and could be used to stratify progressive disease. Filaggrin may play a role in progression of psoriasis. OVOL1 inhibition could be considered in suppression of Filaggrin function. OVOL1 agonists may be beneficial in psoriasis treatment.

Keywords: Filaggrin; Immunohistochemistry; OVOL1; Psoriasis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
OVOL1 showed (a) A negative expression in lesional skin (IHC ×100) (b) mild expression in epidermis, strong expression in dermal inflammatory cells of lesional skin (IHC staining ×100), (c) moderate expression in peri-lesional skin (IHC staining ×200), (d) strong expression in control skin (IHC staining ×100)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Filaggrin showed (a) A negative expression in lesional skin (IHC ×100) (b) mild expression in peri-lesional skin (IHC staining ×200), (c) strong expression in control skin(corneal, granular and spinous layers) (IHC staining ×100), (d) strong expression in control skin (corneal and granular layers) (IHC staining ×100)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
(a) A significant direct relationship between OVOL1 and Filaggrin regarding epidermal expression in lesional skin (b) A significant direct correlation between OVOL1 and Filaggrin regarding epidermal H-score in peri-lesional skin of the studied cases
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
High OVOL1 H-score in lesional epidermis was associated with (a) female gender, (b) early onset of the disease, absence of itching & (c) positive family history of similar condition in the studied cases, (d) severity of the disease. (e) Significant negative correlation between epidermal H score of OVOL1 in lesional skin and PASI score
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Statistically significant relationships between high dermal mean H-score of OVOL1 in lesional skin and (a) presence of itching, (b) axial and extremities affection of the disease, (c) scalp affection, (d) nail affection, and (e) palm and sole affection
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
(a) A significant relationship between high dermal OVOL1 H-score in lesional skin and marked disease severity. (b) Direct positive correlation between dermal OVOL1H-score in lesional skin and PASI score. A significant relationship between high dermal OVOL1 H-score in lesional skin and (c) marked acanthosis. A significant relationship between dermal OVOL1 percent of expression and (d) marked acanthosis, (e) marked hyperkeratosis
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
(a) A significant relationship between high epidermal mean percent of positive cells of Filaggrin in lesional skin and mild psoriasis severity. (b) Negative correlation between percent of positive cells of Filaggrin in epidermis of lesional skin and PASI score
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