Population at risk of poverty or exclusion Spain 2023, by educational attainment
In 2023, the percentage of Spaniards at risk of poverty or social exclusion was significantly higher among those with lower levels of education. More than 34 percent of Spaniards whose educational attainment was limited to the first stage of secondary or primary education (or lower) were at such risk. In contrast, approximately 14 percent of the population with higher education were at risk of poverty or social exclusion.